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Apple Becomes a "They" Company

There is this concept of "we companies" and "they companies". I don't know where it comes from.  If you do, I'd love to know.

Anyway, "We" companies are built by and for a community of users. Everything (including profits) flows from this core value of serving the users.  We companies and their profitability are incredibly sustainable.

"They" companies are traditional companies that seek to optimize profitability at the expense of everything else. These businsses are not sustainable and they tend to overreach and ultimately end up in a long and steady decline.

Microsoft is the poster child for a "they" company.

Craigs List is the poster child for a "we" company.

Apple used to be a "we" company.  I love Apple as I've blogged about many times.  I still do.  But Apple is not a "we" company any more.

Apple survived the WinTel dominance in the PC business by becoming a "we" company.  It focused on its base of devoted users and gave them better and better products.  It created a community of users who are incredibly passionate about the company's products. It became the anti-Microsoft.  And it has benefited greatly from that market position in recent years.

But in the past couple months, Apple has made some very "they" company decisions.  Here are a couple notable ones.

- Apple is suing bloggers who are "outing" the confidential product plans and release dates for new Apple products.  Clearly Apple has the legal right to go after these bloggers who are getting their information from sources inside the company who have almost certainly violated confidentiality agreements.  But this makes no sense to me.  Apple's most passionate users have always engaged in speculation about new products.  It's part of the culture of the Apple user base.  It's been going on for years.  To crack down on it now, and particularly on bloggers who are part of its community, is a really bad idea. They'll win the battle and lose the war with this one.

- Apple is trying to charge iPod accesory manufacturers a 10% tax in exchange for a "Made for iPod" logo on their product. Probably the coolest thing about iPod is that it's become a platform, a standard, around which a whole industry is blooming.  Instead of letting that entrepreneurial energy flow back to iPod, Apple wants cash. My gut tells me its a bad business strategy because it will cause the makers of these accesories to desire to work with Apple's competitors in an attempt to reduce the amount of market dominance that Apple has in the portable music player market.  And its a very "they" company move on top of that.

Its an incredible temptation when you are managing a company that's hitting on all cylinders to overreach, to push for more, more, more.  But its the wrong temptation.  Unfortunately, Apple is making that mistake.  There's time to recognize it and change.  But somehow, I doubt they will.

March 20, 2005 in Venture Capital and Technology | Permalink

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Comments

As a long time Apple developer back in the early 80's, the common comment has always been, "Love the computers, hate the company" when it came to Apple. You might think that Apple switched from a "we" company to a "they" company, but those close to the company have always thought of it as a "they" company. Some of the issues you cite are direct creedo from Steve Jobs, who IMHO is an amazing CEO, but he gets blinded by his personal ideas and misses the overall strategic importance of some of his decisions on the company.

Apple's continued pursuit of the bloggers is a direct reflection of how Apple (Jobs) ISN'T in tune with their user base out in the real world. Apple has never understood the passion of it's users, though some employees over time have. (ie. Guy Kawasaki) Of course, in the general operation of the company, the "quality eradication" program weeds out folks like Guy and removes them from the company before they can do any real damage. ;-)

Lets get serious here for a second - what would Apple have to do to get major dominance in the desktop/laptop world? (hint - OSX does run on Intel chipsets)

Would Apple ever license OSX? Nope. Why? Because Steve doesn't like the idea. He HATES clone manufacturers.

In the OS world, Linux is a killer server OS, but a terrible desktop OS. There's a market opportunity for Apple to slide in with OSX and convert thousands of Linux developers to OSX. Sun sees the opportunity, but can't figure out how to make it work with their Solaris and Linux strategy - which isn't clean to anyone.

If I was a Linux developer for the desktop, I would write OSX applications. I would write server apps for Linux. This decision is based on available market size. Apple is the number one volume shipper of UNIX based desktop systems in the world, and the beauty of it is that 99% of their users DONT know it's UNIX! Isn't that what UNIX on the desktop is supposed to be? Nobody notices that UNIX is underneath the interface, but with Linux, you can't seem to get away from it.

Apple's got an amazing opportunity, but can they seize it and take off?

Posted by: Dave | Mar 20, 2005 8:36:03 AM

It's a HUGE mistake to charge for the honor of strengthening their platform. They blew it once before when they decided not to license the Mac platform to other manufacturers, while IBM did and the PC became the standard. They blew it when they failed to make it really easy to build new software for the platform, while Microsoft did and became the standard on the IBM PC platform. And now all Sony and other manufacturers have to do to encroach on the iPod platform is 1)agree on a standard platform 2) make it free and easy for developers and accessory makers to build on to the platform, and 3) make it cheap for consumers. Apple's "they" doesn't mix with the "we" image and it will bite them hard. They don't get platforms--never have.

Posted by: Charlie Crystle | Mar 20, 2005 11:06:28 AM

I agree that Apple is a "they" company. But I think Apple has always been a "they" company. They're just very good at marketing themselves as a "we" company. It’s easy to confuse a “they” company with a “we” company if they have a habit of making great products (which Apple consistently does.) But making great products cannot be the definition of a “we” company. (Maybe they also feel a bit more that way because Microsoft is the ultimate “they” company. If they aren’t them, then they must be a “we,” right? Wait...) Craig’s List is certainly a “we” company, because they are legitimately interested in creating a product that enhances community and provides substantial value to participants at a reasonable price (free). I’m not sure what Apple has ever done in the name of community and the greater good. Apple is about making money, not enhancing community.

Posted by: Alex Rowland | Mar 20, 2005 8:22:33 PM

I love the distinction that you point out about "we" vs. "they" companies.

I'd be interested to hear why "we" company profitability is more sustainable than "they" company profitability.

Posted by: Ben Carey | Mar 21, 2005 2:09:57 AM

I think Apple has always been a "they" company. I think the "blogosphere" and a more media-savvy public is making it more difficult for the "public-facing" part of a company to present/market themselves as a "we" company, when their actions say "they" company. People have been preaching "transparency" as a part of the code of doing business today, and the blogosphere is bringing that transparency to businesses whether they want it or not. So...the divide between how a company presents itself to the public, and what kind of company it 'really is' is dissolving...companies are getting transparentized. Zap.

Posted by: matt schulte | Mar 21, 2005 2:04:15 PM

Quick "ditto" to those saying Apple has always been "they". Market it however you like, the Apple ban on clones is now and has always been a cash-grab -- take it from one of the last owners of an Apple clone, the computer/suitcase Laser 128k. The 10% tax is simply an extension of the ban -- "We get our cut, no matter what".

Apple were forced to put on a "we" face to keep what little market share they could carve out of the very top of the income graphs, just like Starbucks is a company that's in it for a profit (*not that there's anything wrong with that*) but has to appear "chic" to keep their hoity-toity base clientele happy. My prediction: Apple will continue to convince the people who already like them that they're a "we" company, and the rest of us will continue to bitch and moan about how stupid it is to have to buy a computer from *just one* manufacturer.

Posted by: James | Mar 21, 2005 4:15:50 PM

Google appears to be in same spot in its evolution.

Posted by: richk | Mar 22, 2005 6:34:37 PM

>> Google appears to be in the same spot in its evolution.

Google was never a "we" company or a "they" company. It was a "me" company. With the "me" being the two-headed monster LarrySergey.

Only have to spend about 10 minutes on Google's campus to figure out that it's all about "me"

Posted by: just.a.guy | Mar 22, 2005 7:27:46 PM

When we first started talking about the decline in the reputation of Apple a few months ago on our PSFK blog (http://www.psfk.com/2005/01/antiapple_the_w.html) - we got quite a lot of stick. But more and more, the mainstream media are picking up on the disillusion.

Posted by: Piers Fawkes | Mar 22, 2005 10:59:49 PM

You really nailed Apple Computer. My family owns stock...I bought a fat mac 512K system in October of 1984 and now I finally see Apple Computer having major major wins. If they distroy their culture and us addicted followers in the process.....we'll all be looking for a new system. Apple is doing so many things right that I see these recent developments as reminding me of the John Sculley days. I don't blame Steve Jobs....just his legal department!

Posted by: Mitch Santell | Mar 22, 2005 11:07:17 PM

Apple in Europe has always been a "Royal we" company, with dealers who are so incredibly arrogant because they swallowed the press release material from Cupertino and did not adapt the great "creative commons" feel to early MacWorlds. Apple shops here are full of sales people who sell product not concepts. There is no "buzz" at all. As an early Apple II and then Mac adopter I was excited by the buzz. i-Tunes is a clever Trojan horse for i-Pod. Its user interface is great. But most of my friends use it to sort their MP3s from other sources than i-tunes. With its current positioning, Apple is heading for another bump in the road. May be Sony will buy them at last. Or Nokia.

Posted by: Jonathan Marks | Mar 23, 2005 2:37:19 AM

My take is that Apple is a "Buy into Me" company. There's a cohesiveness to their lineup that simply isn't seen anywhere else (perhaps Audi would be a good analogy in the automotive line).

There's a look and feel metric that they've honed and executed across their hardware, software AND packaging. When they make changes (for example: moving to white or brushed metal, hiding screws, more subtle effects in the interface) the changes are introduced in such a way that 12 months later the whole package is again fresh; again like Audi.

Because of this theme of cohesiveness I can fully understand why they steer away from cloning; same with the iPod accessory scheme. Tying the accessory makers into a licensing and royalty scheme is another revenue stream — but it is possibly also a way to guarantee cohesiveness, just as any other franchisee is bound to whoever it is they are making a living off.

As someone once said, "Buying into Apple is like being in on the biggest secret in the world."

They will never be the box pusher that Dell is — it's more a "I have something new to show you and I think you're going to love it" situation.

By NOT being primarily driven by focus groups but instead driving the direction of their products — that's the element that makes Apple so compelling to commentators, and Apple customers.

Posted by: Andrew Burke | Mar 23, 2005 5:38:29 AM

As simplistic models go, 'We' vs 'Them' is pretty...simplistic. But just for the sake of argument, I'll assume it actually works to describe different models of business.

I can't think of a single publicly traded company that fits the 'we' model and I suspect that none can. A 'we' company, I suspect, can only be a privately held corporation. A publicly owned company is beholden to its stockholders who, at heart, are interested in profit. Immediate profit.

A 'we' company must take a long term view of business. Publicly held companies are forced by the quarterly profit report and daily stock ticker to think immediate bottom line.

Apple then hasn't been a 'we' company for more than 2 decades.

Posted by: david | Mar 23, 2005 10:56:35 AM

Bloggers and everybody else who uses or wants to use Apple products will lose if Apple loses its case. If Apple can't do business normally -- which means keeping trade secrets like any other business -- then we will all be worse off.

Both parts of your story are spurious. "Apple is suing bloggers." Even the EFF's appeal concedes that apple "has not" sued the bloggers. So why propagate the myth? Apple has a right to discovery to determine who stole their stuff. The fact that the perpetrators gave the trade secrets to bloggers is not really the point of the case, and the notion that freedom of speech will be chilled if we can't all see the contents of Steve Jobs' private briefcase is nuts. On the iPod 'tax', it is very common in the business world to pay for the right to display a compatibility logo, AAA symbol, Good Housekeeping seal, etc. Displaying the logo is hardly mandatory...unlike a real tax. Sheesh.

Posted by: Munge | Mar 23, 2005 12:14:41 PM

"We, They?" Just a a lot of word-waving (the oral equivalent to hand-waving) arguments, when you don't really understand the situation. Apple has to pursue the NDA breakers, otherwise the Apple might as well make swiss cheee, as they would become that. Some of the complaints, come from very vocal sources, such as the Netsky brothers. Occasionally you get bad product, or I believe in this case, abused product.
Apple has to maintain some "Theyness", otherwise they become a charity organization and we all lose, they also have to mantain a "We-ness" or else they have no business. It's totally asinine to categorize them beyond some position near the middle. (A real They company was Enron)

Posted by: shaitan | Mar 23, 2005 1:21:39 PM

"Apple's most passionate users have always engaged in speculation about new products. It's part of the culture of the Apple user base. It's been going on for years."

Yes, but as has been pointed out many times, publishing trade secrets is not speculation. Apple aren't bringing lawsuits against blogs because they guessed and got lucky, they're bringing lawsuits against blogs to find out who is leaking information from their company.

I understand the arguments that Apple is being heavy-handed, but I find it annoying when people try to paint the blogs as innocent champions for freedom. Publishing trade secrets is, apparently, illegal, and surely none of us would claim a fundamental right to know what Steve will be announcing in two days time.

Posted by: Small Paul | Mar 23, 2005 4:35:37 PM

I'm deeply skeptical of any attempt to stuff a company as big as Apple into one of two words. Apple has always done "we" things and "they" things. Steve Jobs has, as well. Anyone who's ever seen him go misty-eyed, or boyishly excited, about something, knows that he really is in this to make cool stuff. But from the outset Apple was wildly, aggressively protective of its technology. They sued anyone and everyone who tried to be compatible with AppleTalk.

In the late '90s, they were perhaps an "us" company, a disorganized confederacy of "me" people championing disparate and incoherent technologies while the hardware and the OS stagnated. Guy Kawasaki was never a "we" guy, either. He was from the school of marketing that tries to put that image on gung-ho profiteering. I don't miss him.

The Apple of today both inspires and infuriates me. In that respect, it hasn't changed at all.

Posted by: James Robinson | Mar 23, 2005 6:41:27 PM

I agree that in reality most companies are "they" entities, but perhaps the illusion of "we" is of most importance.

"We" companies may simply use PR (talking with them) more effectively than they companies who rely mostly on advertising (talking to them). Each is nothing other than an attempt at consumer manipulation (aka marketing). The difference lies in the taste remaining in the customer's mouth. But, in each instance the company is a self-serving entity.

Posted by: Brady Joslin | Mar 24, 2005 12:29:40 PM

any company who is interested in making a profit for their investors is a "they company". its clear that blogs have changed the landscape of moving information. while secrets have always leaked about apple products early...they never have had to deal with how easily the secrets travel today.

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